HORTATORY EXPOSITION TEXT

A Hortatory Exposition Text

Objectives

Learners are able to comprehend the information given on the text.
Learners are able to understand the aim of a hortatory exposition text.

Learn about it!

 

What is a Hortatory Text
Hortatory exposition text is a text containing arguments or reasons of the writers in order to persuade the readers. It tells the reader what they should or should not do about a particular case.

What is the function of hortatory exposition texts?
Answer: to persuade the reader or listener about something which should or should not be the case.

Generic structure of hortatory exposition texts
Thesis statement: The announcement of issue.
Arguments: Reasons for concern that lead to recommendation.
Recommendation: Statement of what should or should not to happen


Characteristics of hortatory exposition texts
Focusing on the writer.
Using action verb: eg. run, jump, kick, eat, cry, break, smile, walk, drink, talk.
Using adverb: eg. Surely, certainly.
Using modals: eg. May, can, could, will.
Using temporal connectives: eg. Firstly, secondly, however, therefore, etc.
Using evaluative words: eg. Important, trustworthy, valuable.
Using simple present tense.
Using passive voice.

Do you understand?

Listen to the following example of a hortatory exposition text.

Students and Their Cellphones

Cellphones or mobile phones has become obligatory things to be brought by people nowadays. The reason behind it is the use of cellphones is not only for communication, but also for several things. Today’s cellphones can be used for taking pictures, taking videos, listening to the music, recording voice, storing documents, and playing games. Therefore, most of people use cellphone as their mobile storage devices. Adult, teenagers, children, working people, or students have cellphone in their pocket. However should the students be allowed or be banned to bring cellphones to their school?

Nowadays many students bring cellphones to their school. Many schools allow their students to bring cellphones so their students can communicate with their parents easily. But some other schools ban the use of cellphones at school. It is quite reasonable since bringing cellphones to school may cause several disturbance in the teaching and learning process. Many students who bring cellphone use it irresponsibly during learning activities. For example, they use cellphone for listening to the music during the learning activities. Some others use it to chat with other students. Some girls use the front camera to take selfie when their teacher are explaining learning materials. Those use of cellphones will distract the students’ concentration.

Besides using cellphone during learning activities, the students may use cellphone as a media for cheating. Many students use cellphone to text their friends during the examination. The students may also see their learning notes in their cellphone during the examination. Therefore, many schools should make a strict rule for students who bring cellphones to their school. For example, all cellphones should be turned off or should be switched into vibrated mode during the learning process. If a student has to answer a call during the learning process, she or he has to get permission from the teacher and pick the phone outside the classroom. When doing examination, all the students have to turn off their cellphone. Their teacher may also collect all cellphones during the examination. From the aforementioned explanation, the students need to use cellphone wisely so cellphone will not become disturbance during the learning activities or during the examination.

After listening to the example of a hortatory exposition text, now pay attention to the following explanation:

The recording was started by an issue whether the use of cellphones at school should be banned or not. This issue is the example of a thesis statement of a hortatory exposition text.
After that, the speaker proposed several arguments related to the issue. The first argument is that the use of cellphones can distract students’ concentration if the students use cellphones in the classroom.

The second argument is that cellphones can distract students’ concentration during final examinations.

Finally, in the end of the recording, the speaker proposed several recommendations related to the problem explained before.

Writing an Argument Essay

Objectives

Understanding how to write an argument essay in context daily life
· Able to construct the outline of an argument essay
· To know how to developing the outline of an argument essay
· Able to link one paragraph to another paragraph
· Able to create an argument essay.

Learn about it!

Previous meeting we have learned how to make an opinion and facts. To make an opinion we can use phrases such as in my opinion …., in my view …., in my mind …, it is believed that …and use the modal verbs such as might, should, could, and ought to. We can use our opinion in our argument. Argument is reason or reasons why you support or oppose an idea or action.
Argument can be presented in form of spoken or written. In this occasion I would like to introduce how to present an argument in form of an essay. Essay is group of paragraph which has link one paragraph to another paragraph. Paragraph is group of sentences which develop topic sentence. Sentence is group of words which stand up of at least subject and predicate.
Writing an essay we should follow some steps of writing such as drafting, rough draft, proof reading, revising and publishing. Drafting can be done by several strategy such as mind mapping, listing or charting. Rough draft is done after doing drafting to develop the sentences to make some paragraph writing. Proof reading is done to make sure that the essay has good quality in term of mechanic, content, and organization of paragraph, grammar, unity and coherence. You can do proof reading by yourself or your peer. After getting feedback of your writing you continue to revising step and publishing your essay.

1. Drafting
In this essay I will use listing to develop my essay.

INTRODUCTION
· Background sentence: Muhajir Effendy release full day school program
· Detail background: Full day school program is the extended school hour starting form 8 to 4 pm
· Thesis: I agree with full day school program (it is believed that full day school should be supported)
· Transition Sentence: there are two reasons which would be discussed in this order

SUPPORTING PARAGRAPH 1 (reason 1)
· Topic sentence
· Supporting sentence
· Developing sentence
· Conclusion

SUPPORTING PARAGRAPH 2 (reason 2)
· Topic sentence
· Supporting sentence
· Developing sentence
· Conclusion

CONCLUDING PARAGRAPH
· Summary
· Restatement of thesis/reiteration
· Recommendation


2. Rough draft
3. Proof Reading
4. Revising
5. Publising

Do you understand?

Lets practice!

The presence of technology in the classroom has become more and more apparent and offers students tremendous resources with which to supplement their education. Given time, technology will completely replace the conventional teachers in the classroom. Do you agree or disagree with this statement?

Before writing an essay we should determine the scope of discussion. The scope of the statement above are:Technology/////Classroom/////Teachers////Students////
So we may not discuss the topic out of the scope of discussion above. The statement above asking whether we agree or disagree with the statement. I would like to oppose this statement. So I will make disagree essay. There are some topic that I presented such as:
1. The teacher can cater the need of the students (technology cannot do this)
2. Teacher can give motivation and discipline to the students (technology cannot do this)
3. Teacher can include the current news and personal stories. (technology cannot do this)
From the statement above we can make our argument essay by following the writing steps. First you should do drafting. In this occasion I will use listing. From three topic stating above I select two of them. They are no 1 and 2

INTRODUCTION
· Background
· Detail background
· Thesis
Today, technology has become more and more apparent and offers the students tremendous resourches in teaching learning process. We can find a lot of information by using technology such as computerize in education which supported by internet. It is disagreed that technology will replace the conventional teachers. It is proven by the teachers can cater the students need and also give the discipline and moral value in teaching learning process but technology cannot do this.

SUPPORTING PARAGRAPH 1
· Topic
· Example
· Discussion
· Conclution
Teachers can replace their approaching or technique in teaching when the students feel difficulties in understanding the topic given. As an example, when students are having trouble in memorizing the irregular verb in English, the teacher can use game strategy in teaching or the other fun technique. Computerize cannot paraphrase the topic given or changing the approach and the technique in learning topic of the classroom. Technology cannot replace the conventional teachers in teaching and learning.

SUPPORTING PARAGRAPH 2
· Topic
· Example
· Discussion
· Conclution
Teachers in teaching not only tranfer knowledge and train the students skill bur also improve students’ attitude such as discipline and moral value.As an example, Teacher could give the reward or punishment to the students. When student made mistake like not making homework, she/he is given punishment to make her/him more discipline. Computerize in education cannot do the reward and punishment approaching in which believed that improve the students quality on their attitude.Technology cannot replace the conventional teachers.

CONCLUDING PARAGRAPH
· Summary
· Restatement of thesis
· Recommendation
The presence of technology in education is very essential because it can be knowledge resources in fulfill the students need. However, Technology in form of Computerize or others in education cannot replace the existence of the teachers in the classroom. Such the above explanation, teachers can cater the students need and give moral value and discipline but not for the technology. It is recommended that technology and teachers are two aspect that cannot be separated. Teachers use technology as media in teaching and learning to improve students’ quality in education.


2. Rough Draft of Argument Essay

Today, technology has become more and more apparent and offers the students tremendous resources in the teaching-learning process. We can find a lot of information by using technology such as computerize in education which supported by internet. It disagrees that technology will replace conventional teachers. It is proven by the teachers can cater the students' need and also give the discipline and moral value in the teaching-learning process but technology cannot do this.

Teachers can replace their approaching or technique in teaching when the students feel difficulties in understanding the topic given. As an example, when students are having trouble in memorizing the irregular verb in English, the teacher can use game strategy in teaching or the other fun technique. Computerize cannot paraphrase the topic given or changing the approach and the technique in learning topic of the classroom. Technology cannot replace conventional teachers in teaching and learning.

Teachers in teaching not only transfer knowledge and train the students skill bur also improve students’ attitude such as discipline and moral value. As an example, Teacher could give the reward or punishment to the students. When student made mistake like not making homework, she/he is given punishment to make her/him more discipline. Computerize in education cannot do the reward and punishment approaching in which believed that improve the students quality on their attitude. Technology cannot replace conventional teachers.
The presence of technology in education is very essential because it can be knowledge resources in fulfill the students need. However, Technology in form of Computerize or others in education cannot replace the existence of the teachers in the classroom. Such the above explanations, teachers can cater the students need and give moral value and discipline but not for the technology. It is recommended that technology and teachers are two aspect that cannot be separated. Teachers use technology as media in teaching and learning to improve students’ quality in education.

The above essay is in form of rough draft, you can make this essay better by doing proof reading and revising it before publishing to the readers. That all for today don’t forget to study English and goodbye.

Keypoints

1. There are two ways in stating the opinion. They are
· Phrases (I think …; In my opinion …; It is believed …)
· Modal verbs (should…; could…; might….; would…)
2. Steps of writing are
· Drafting
a. Listing
b. Mind Mapping
c. Charting
· Rough draft
· Proof reading
· Revising
· Publishing
3. Listing can be presented as follow
INTRODUCTION
· Background
· Detail background
· Thesis


SUPPORTING PARAGRAPH 1
· Topic
· Example
· Discussion
· Conclusion


SUPPORTING PARAGRAPH 2
· Topic
· Example
· Discussion
· Conclusion


CONCLUDING PARAGRAPH
· Summary
· Restatement of thesis
· Recommendation


4. Make sure with the content, organization, grammar, and mechanic on your writing.

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Jawablah pertanyaan-pertanyaan berikut dengan jujur dan bertanggungjawab!

No.	Pertanyaan	Jawaban
01.	Saya mengetahui arti kata-kata pada pada teks di atas	Ya	Tidak
02.	Saya bisa mengucapkan kata-kata sesuai dengan audio/video yang disajikan	Ya	Tidak
03.	Saya bisa memperagakan percakapan dengan membaca teks yang tersedia	Ya	Tidak
04.	Saya bisa memperagakan percakapan dengan sedikit membaca teks	Ya	Tidak
05.	Saya bisa memperagakan tanpa membaca teks	Ya	Tidak
06.	Saya bisa memperagakan tanpa membaca teks disertai dengan variasi baru atau pengembangan teks	Ya	Tidak
07.	Saya bisa membuat karya video terkait dengan percakapan yang diperagakan	Ya	Tidak
08.	Saya bisa membuat video dan telah disosialisasikan pada sosial media yang saya miliki	Ya	Tidak

Bila ada jawaban "Tidak", maka segera lakukan review pembelajaran, terutama pada bagian yang masih "Tidak".

Bila semua jawaban "Ya", maka Anda dapat melanjutkan ke pembelajaran berikutnya.

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