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Objectives
- Learners
are able to understand the expressions of giving advice using ‘should’
- Learners
are able to use expressions of giving advice using ‘should’
Learn about it!
Look at the picture below!
we see some books in the picture, the boy looks tired and seems unwell. Perhaps, He studied hard last night or getting an exam the next day.
What should he do?
He should take a rest or stop studying.
What should they do?
Pay attention to the following dialogue.
He should take a rest or stop studying.
What should they do?
Pay attention to the following dialogue.
Now
pay attention to the underlined sentences. Those sentences were used by Wina to
advise Tony that if Tony went through Diponegoro street, he would get trapped
in the traffic jam due to the landslide happening in Diponegoro street. You can
use the following expression if you want to give advice to someone.
Now, pay attention to the underlined
sentences:
- Make sure we dispose the garbage in the proper places.
- Do not throw your garbage in the wrong place.
Those two sentences were used by the
teacher to warn the students not to do something. The sentences are called warnings.
A warning means giving information about something bad that may happen if
someone does something.
The reason for giving warnings is
the people who give warning wants the person become more careful. On the text,
the teacher warns the students not to throw the garbage in the wrong place
because the improper garbage disposal will cause flood.
The following are utterances
generally used to give warning:
- Be careful of ....
- Don’t ....
- Beware!
- Beware of ....
- Look out!
- Watch out!
- Watch out for ....
- Make sure + subject + verb ....
SHOULD
Should is a
modal verb.
With modals verbs, there is only one form of it for every
subject pronoun:
·
I should
·
You should
·
He should
·
She should
·
It should
·
We should
·
They should
There is never an S
at the end of should:
·
He shoulds study. (NOT CORRECT)
·
He should study. (CORRECT)
After Should we
have the base form of the infinitive (= verb without ‘To’ e.g. Go instead
of To Go)
Should + Verb (base
form of infinitive)
·
You should go now.
(Correct)
·
You should to go now. (NOT correct)
·
He should wait. (Correct)
·
He should waits. (NOT
correct)
Example sentences with Should:
·
I should eat more vegetables.
·
You should take an umbrella.
·
He should go to the doctor.
·
She should apply for the job.
·
It should be fine.
·
We should study more.
·
They should wait until tomorrow.
One other thing, we do
not pronounce the L in the word should. (Listen
to the pronunciation of should in
our video)
When do we use SHOULD in English?
1. To give advice, a
recommendation or a suggestion
This is to say that it is the right thing to do or the correct
thing.
·
You should see the
new Star Wars movie. It’s great!
·
He should go to the dentist if
his tooth still hurts.
·
The test is next week. We should study
for it now.
·
You should try that
new restaurant on Main Street.
2. To express that a situation
is likely in the present or in the future. This is a type of expectation or
prediction.
·
Mary should be at
home now. Give her a call.
·
He should have the letter now. I
sent it last week.
·
Our team should win the
game on Saturday. (Because we have been training all month so it is our
expectation, or prediction that we will win.)
·
It should be sunny tomorrow.
3. Expresses an obligation that is
not as strong as Must.
Sometimes Should is
used instead of Must to make rules, orders or instructions sound more polite.
This may appear more frequently on formal notices or on
information sheets.
·
Applications should be sent
before the 30th.
·
He should drive more carefully.
·
Everyone should wear a
seatbelt in a car.
·
You should pay more
attention in class.
All of the above example
sentences can have must instead
of should making the obligation stronger and less polite.
For example:
Applications must be sent before the 30th.
4. Something was expected in
the past but it didn’t happen (should + have + past participle)
This expresses the idea that the subject did not fulfill their
obligation in the past or did not act responsibly.
·
Anna is late. She should have arrived
by now.
·
I should have called Fred this
morning but I forgot.
·
You should have given
your boss the report yesterday when he asked for it.
5. Not fulfilling an obligation
(should + be + verb-ing)
This expresses the idea that someone is not fulfilling their
obligation or is not acting sensibly right now.
·
You should be wearing your
seatbelt. (The person isn’t wearing one right now)
·
We should be studying for the
exam. (We are not studying right now and we should be studying)
6. Sometimes should is
replaced by ought to without a change in meaning. Note
that ought to sounds more formal and is used less frequently.
·
You ought to go
home now. (= You should go home now)
·
She ought to take
her dog for more walks. (= She should take her
dog…)
·
They ought to stop
doing that. (= They should stop
doing that)
Shouldn’t
The negative of should is shouldn’t or should not.
We almost always use the contraction shouldn’t in spoken English.
We almost always use the contraction shouldn’t in spoken English.
We use shouldn’t to
advise not to do something, usually because it is bad or the wrong
thing to do.
·
You shouldn’t eat
that dessert if you are sick.
This is my
recommendation not to do something, not to eat that dessert.
·
She shouldn’t buy
that dress, it’s too big for her.
·
You look tired. You shouldn’t work
so much.
·
He shouldn’t talk to his boss
like that.
Notice how all of these sentences
are about a recommendation or advice NOT to do
something.
Think + should
We do not use:
I think + shouldn’t.
We use: I DON’T think + should.
We use: I DON’T think + should.
·
I think you shouldn’t go there. (NOT correct)
This is NOT correct because
we don’t have the negative shouldn’t after I think.
Instead we make the verb THINK negative and say:
·
I don’t think you should go there. (Correct)
A couple more examples:
·
I don’t think he should eat that.
·
I don’t think we should start yet.
Should in Questions
We use should in questions
when we want advice, a recommendation, or a suggestion.
Let’s look at this affirmative sentence:
·
I should go now.
How can we change this to a question?
We change the order of the modal verb should with the subject.
So the question becomes:
We change the order of the modal verb should with the subject.
So the question becomes:
·
Should I go
now?
A couple more examples…
·
Should I
wear the green shirt? (I am asking for your advice or recommendation)
We can also have the W words like What, When, Why, etc. before
the modal verb.
·
What should we do
now? (What do you suggest?)
SHOULD Summary Chart
Jawablah pertanyaan-pertanyaan berikut dengan jujur dan bertanggungjawab!
| No. | Pertanyaan | Jawaban | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 01. | Saya mengetahui arti kata-kata pada pada teks di atas |
Ya | Tidak |
| 02. | Saya bisa mengucapkan kata-kata sesuai dengan audio/video yang disajikan |
Ya | Tidak |
| 03. | Saya bisa memperagakan percakapan dengan membaca teks yang tersedia |
Ya | Tidak |
| 04. | Saya bisa memperagakan percakapan dengan sedikit membaca teks |
Ya | Tidak |
| 05. | Saya bisa memperagakan tanpa membaca teks |
Ya | Tidak |
| 06. | Saya bisa memperagakan tanpa membaca teks disertai dengan variasi baru atau pengembangan teks |
Ya | Tidak |
| 07. | Saya bisa membuat karya video terkait dengan percakapan yang diperagakan |
Ya | Tidak |
| 08. | Saya bisa membuat video dan telah disosialisasikan pada sosial media yang saya miliki |
Ya | Tidak |
Bila ada jawaban "Tidak", maka segera lakukan review pembelajaran, terutama pada bagian yang masih "Tidak".
Bila semua jawaban "Ya", maka Anda dapat melanjutkan ke pembelajaran berikutnya.
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