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Objectives
A conjunction is a word that grammatically
connects two words, phrases, or clauses together. The most common examples are
words like “and” and “but.”
EITHER…OR
The word “either” can be used by itself, but as
a pronoun, not a conjunction. For example:
WHETHER…OR
NEITHER…NOR
BOTH…AND
AS…AS
NOT ONLY…BUT ALSO
NO SOONER…THAN
HARDLY…WHEN
Expressing and responding correlative
conjunction expression such as either, neither, not only, but also to as well
as acceptable daily conversations that use simple structures in various aspects
in daily life. The objective of the lesson is: students are able to express and
respond to the expression of a correlative conjunction.
LESSON
A conjunction is a word that grammatically
connects two words, phrases, or clauses together. The most common examples are
words like “and” and “but.”
For example, “I took the subway, and got
off at 96th Street.” Or, “I took the subway, but there
was a delay.” However, conjunctions can come in many forms with many different
functions.
They’re
a part of speech that can be broken down into several categories, and we’ll
explore each one in-depth with examples.
Conjunctions
can primarily be broken down into three categories:
·
Correlative conjunctions
Another
category of conjunctions is correlative
conjunctions and we’ve actually seen a few already, like “either…or” and
“neither…nor.” These conjunctions come in pairs and join equal items together.
Correlative
conjunctions list:
·
Either…or
·
Whether…or
·
Neither…nor
·
Both…and
·
As…as
·
Not only…but also
·
No sooner…than
·
Hardly…when
EITHER…OR
The correlative conjunction “either…or” is used to join two
positive options. For example:
·
We can either go to the movies or stay inside and watch Netflix.
·
The sound was either a firework or a gunshot.
·
Either you stay or I leave.
An a common grammatical mistake that occurs when using the correlative conjunction
“neither…or” is subject-verb agreement. When two (or more) items are joined by
the word conjunction and serve as the subject of the sentence, the number of
the verb (i.e. singular or plural) always follows the last of
the options. Multiple singular options do not create a plural noun. For example:
·
Either Crystal or Julia wants to come with us to the festival. (The verb should be “wants,” not “want”)
·
Either Courtney or her
friends are coming to pick me up. (The
verb “are” follows the second item in the pair of subjects.)
The word “either” can be used by itself, but as
a pronoun, not a conjunction. For example:
·
You can ask either of
us if you need any help.
·
“Should I get this shirt in
blue or white?” “Either looks good
on you.”
WHETHER…OR
The
conjunction “whether…or” also pairs up two options, but they must be clauses.
It’s similar to the subordinating conjunction “if” in that it brings up
hypothetical conditions, but in pairs.
·
Whether I drink a
lot or a little, my face still
gets red.
·
Whether it’s sunny
out or raining, we’re still
going to see the concert.
A
common usage of this correlative conjunction is in the form “whether…or not” or
simply “whether or not.” For example:
·
Whether the
earrings are cheap or not, I’m still
going to buy them.
·
You have to take this
class, whether or not you want
to.
It’s also acceptable
to simply use the word “whether,” which implies the phrase “or not,” by itself.
In this case, it becomes a subordinating conjunction instead of a
correlative one, which we’ll discuss later on.
·
I don’t care whether a
man is rich if I want to date him.
NEITHER…NOR
While
“either…or” pairs up two positive options, “neither…nor” pairs up two negative
options.
·
The view at the top of the mountain was neither spectacular nor very visible.
·
When it comes to movies, I
like neither comedies nor romances.
·
Neither will the
workers go off the strike, nor negotiate
until they receive higher pay.
Just as “either”
can stand by itself as a pronoun, so can “neither.”
·
Neither of the
desserts seemed very appealing.
·
Neither of us are
working on Thanksgiving.
The
word “neither” can also be used as an adverb to indicate that something also
does not apply in another case.
For example:
·
“I didn’t do very well on the last exam. Me neither.”
·
I never thought that Trump
would actually win the election, and neither did
my friends.
BOTH…AND
This
correlative conjunction is used to join two equal items together.
·
The hurricane was
devastating both emotionally and economically.
·
We went to both the service and the reception afterward.
·
I don’t know why, but both Jane and Colin have stopped talking to me.
AS…AS
If
you want to compare two things and say that one contains a certain quality to
the same extent as the other, you can use the correlative conjunction “as…as.”
·
Anything I put in the
refrigerator becomes as cold as ice.
·
Jeremy’s probably as tall as any
professional basketball player.
·
Run as far as you
can, but don’t feel pressured to keep going.
NOT ONLY…BUT ALSO
This
correlative conjunction is similar to “both…and” and emphasizes that two items
belong in a pair.
·
Not only did we get
lost, but we also ran out of gas with no gas station
in sight.
·
Not only is he
smart, but he’s also talented.
·
The TV show has not only good actors but also an incredibly written script.
NO SOONER…THAN
The the phrase “no sooner…than” is used to indicate that two events happened
simultaneously or in quick succession. For example:
·
No
sooner had I left the house than it
started to thunder.
·
No sooner had the pastor began to speak than a baby started crying in the back.
HARDLY…WHEN
This phrase is another alternative to “no sooner…than.”
·
Hardly had I
stepped out of the kitchen when I
started to smell something burning.
·
Hardly had the
party started when drinks
started spilling on the floor.
Do
You Understand?
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