Read more
Listening: Monologues about Various Procedures
Objectives
Understand and respond to monologues
about various procedural texts.
Learning Objective(s)
• Identify the goals, materials, and steps in various procedural texts
correctly
• Review the steps of a procedural text accurately
Learn about it!
Have you ever watched cooking
programs on the television? What is the program about? It usually tells you
about how to make some foods. Besides from watching cooking programs, you can
also cook by following some recipes that you can find from books, newspaper,
magazines, or the internet. There you can find the ingredients and the steps to
make various dishes. Recipes are the most common example of procedural text. In
the previous lesson, you have learned about the general classification of a
procedural text. Do you still remember?
A procedural
text is designed to describe how something is achieved through sequence of
actions or steps. It explains how people perform different processes in a
sequence of steps.
This text uses simple present tense, often imperative sentences. It also,
usually, uses the temporal conjunction, such as first, second, next, finally
etc.
The
structure of this text consists of three parts:
- Goal (or title)
- Materials (not required for all
procedure texts)
- Steps
However, there is procedural text
that only consists of goal and followed by some steps.
Study the
following text
Procedural texts can be spoken or written.
Knowing much about procedural text is very useful for our daily life, especially
when you work with machines or things that need some procedures to operate.
Principally, procedure deals with how to do, and use something.
The following text explains how to make greeting cards with cut-outs paper the
materials and steps are same with the previous one. However, the language style
is different. Listen to the audio and read the script carefully.
I’m sure you have all magazines or newspapers which are out of date, right? Do you know that the paper cut-outs from newspapers or magazines can be useful for us? We can use them to make interesting things. Now, let me show you how to make greeting cards with paper cut-outs. Listen carefully.
First, you have to prepare things you need. They are sheet of
colored paper, poster paper, old newspapers or magazines, some glue, a pair of
scissors, and writing equipment. I use a marker here.
Next, draw shapes on the colored paper. It can be … simple
circles, squares, or ovals, letters, or strips. You can also cut pictures from
the magazines or newspapers. Then, cut out the shapes and
letters, and fold a piece of poster paper in half. Arrange the cut-outs and the
folded paper to determine your design. After that, put a
drop of glue on one side of the cut-outs shapes. Place shapes on the poster
paper, glue side down. Finally, smooth out glue bubbles
and wipe off excessive glue. When shapes are secured, write a massage on the
inside with a marker.
Can you find the differences between
the written and the spoken text? So after comparing those two texts and listen
to the audio, which one is easier? To read or to listen? When listening to an
instruction you can take notes to help you remember important points.
Keypoints
Sometimes, spoken instruction is
more casual. The introduction is longer than just a title. We can elaborate the
steps so that the listeners can understand. The sequencers used are as the
following:
Sequencers
(in spoken text):
- First…Firstly…
- Second…Secondly
- Then…Thirdly…
- After that…Afterwards…
- Finally…Lastly…
