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Giving Examples
Objective of Study
students are expected able to make and use the
expression in giving examples in spoken or written ways.
Dalam bahasa Inggris, ada beberapa frase atau kata
yang dapat kita gunakan untuk mengawali contoh-contoh yang akan kita berikan,
misalnya :
FOR EXAMPLE dalam bahasa Indonesia artinya ‘contohnya....’ .
Setelah frase example berikan beberapa contoh yang sesuai. Jika ‘for example’
berada di awal kalimat, beri tanda koma (,) setelahnya. Jika ‘for example’ ini
kita pakai di tengah kalimat, letakkan koma (,) di depan dan belakangnya.
Contoh :
- At first, Henry Ford was not very satisfied with his automobile
innovation. For example, the car did not look impresive and were not
provided with a brake system, as well as they were still expensive.
- English was also spoken by the UK ex-occupied countries, for
example, the United States, Canada, Australia and New Zealand.
Saat frase
‘For example’ digunakan di awal kalimat, itu artinya kita akan mencoba memberi
contoh dengan kalimat yang lebih lengkap, tidak hanya berupa daftar beberapa
items saja.
Ketika
frase dipakai di tengah kalimat, frase tersebut diikuti daftar beberapa items
sebagai contoh. Perhatikan contoh kedua diatas : The United States, Canada,
Australia and New Zealand - itu hanya berupa daftar contoh negara bekas
jajahan UK, berupa daftar saja bukan berupa kalimat lengkap.
FOE INSTANCE Penggunaannya sama dengan frase ‘for example’.
Contoh :
- There are many interesting places to visit in the city. For
instance, the botanical garden has numerous displays of plants from all
over the world.
- There are many interesting places to visit in the city, for
instance, the botanical garden, the central park or the art museum.
SUCH AS Frase ‘such as’ hanya dipakai di tengah kalimat. Beri
tanda koma sebelum ‘such as’ dan tidak usah diberi tanda koma sesudahnya.
Contoh:
- I prefer to wear casual clothes, such as jeans and T-shirts.
- Some countries, such as Brazil and Canada, are big.
e.g. dan i.g Frase e.g. berasal dari bahasa Latin yaitu ‘exempli
gratia’ yang artinya : contohnya. Frase ini digunakan untuk memberi daftar
beberapa contoh.
Sedangkan
frase i.g. singkatan dari ‘id est’ yang artinya ‘that it’.
Contoh :
- The names of some newspapers are nationally known here in Indonesia,
e.g., Kompas, Tempo and Jawa Pos.
- Boys and girls between 13 and 19 years old are fickle, i.e., they
are easily influenced by the environments, friends and current
trends.
Bisa juga frase ini diletakkan dalam tanda
kurung (parentheses) contoh :
My
bussiness plans involve trips to several cities (e.g., Toronto, Montreal,
Winnipeg, Saskatoon and Calgary)
Do you
Understand?
Dalam memberi contoh, kita sebaiknya memilih contoh
yang sesuai dengan hal yang akan kita jelaskan. Jangan melenceng dari kalimat
utamanya. Tapi juga jangan terlalu bertele-tele. Contoh sebaikya secukupnya
saja dan mendukung kalimat utamanya.
Coba
perhatikan contoh kalimat berikut, perhatikan contoh mana yang tidak sesuai.
Nomor satu menjadi contoh:
- My mom plans to buy some new kitchen utensils, such as knife,
steamer,screwdriver and frying pan. We cook a lot at home during
this pandemi outbreak. The example which is not suitable is
: screwdriver. Yess, benar screwdriver itu tidak termasuk peralatan dapur,
jadi tidak cocok untuk dijadikan contoh.
- The famous emperors, for instance, Alexander the Great, Julius Caesar,
Napoleon Bonaparte and George Washington, are written in most textbook for
History subject.
- By the end of the 5th century, English was spoken not only by peoples
of the British Isles, but also the UK ex-occupied countries, for example,
the United States, Canada, Thai, New Zealand, Australia and South Africa.
Read the short conversation below,
then determining the use of various language choice for giving examples in the
text.
|
Joel |
: |
Hi Pete, What's up? |
|
Pete |
: |
I'm Ok Joel. How about you? |
|
Joel |
: |
Pretty well Pete. By the
way, some people think that it's necessary
to prohibit people from using phone calls in some places. Others believe that
it's inconvenient if phone calls are forbidden in some places. Which opinion
do you prefer? |
|
Pete |
: |
In my view people
must be free to use their phones everywhere for a few reasons: First, there may be
an emergency: For example two
weeks ago a car accident happened in a remote area around Tehran, so my a
friend called for help, but nobody answered his calls, and unfortunately the
driver died. That’s why I feel
that way. |
|
Joel |
: |
I see, then … |
|
Pete |
: |
Second, it may be an
opportunity: For instance, two years ago, when I was in an economics
class At the University of Tehran, my cell-phone rang but I didn’t answer,
later I noticed it was from a job company and they found a job for me, but
because of I didn’t answer at the moment they replaced another person. |
|
Joel |
: |
It could be understood why you
support this |
|
Pete |
: |
How about you, Joel? |
|
Joel |
: |
I love my phone always in my
pocket, Let's go Pete Before the sun climbs the tree |
|
Pete |
: |
Ok we have to be in rush |
Marilah kita analisa percakapan di atas. Percakapan tersebut terdiri dari
bagian yang kita namai Opening atau pembukaan, Transakction atau isi percakapan
dan Closing penutup.
1. Opening: Hi Pete, What's
up? ……….
2. Transaction:
a. Asking Question/essay question: some people think that it's necessary to
prohibit people from using phone calls in some places. Others believe that it's
inconvenient if phone calls are forbidden in some places. Which opinion do you
prefer?
b. Giving Opinion
· Thesis: In my view, people must be free to use their phones
everywhere
· Reason 1: First there may be an emergency
o Example: For example two
weeks ago a car accident happened in a remote area around Tehran, so my friend
called for help, but nobody answered his calls, and unfortunately, the driver
died.
· Reason 2: Second, it may be an opportunity
o Example: For instance, two
years ago, when I was in an economics class at the University of Tehran, my
cell-phone rang but I didn’t the answer, later I noticed it was from a job
company and they found a job for me, but because I didn’t answer at the moment
they replaced another person.
Here is
another example of conversational, can you identify the expression in giving
example?
|
Jass |
: |
Hi Debie, Have you watched the
debate last night? |
|
Debie |
: |
I did, It was a great debate. |
|
Jass |
: |
Which of the
following statements do you agree with? Some believe that TV programs have a
positive |
|
Debie |
: |
In my view TV
programs have positive First, People get
knowledge from TV: For example when I was 6 years old, I had lots of
information about the wild animals like leopards and lions, However, I didn’t
attend school yet, but I learned the information from TV. So I think we
always get lots of knowledge and information from TV. |
|
Jass |
: |
I see, then … |
|
Debie |
: |
Second, It is fun:
For example, movie makers always try to tell fascinating and pleasurable
stories through the movies and they show awesome pictures from all aspects of
the world so they make TV programs fun and exciting. That’s why I feel
that way. |
|
Jass |
: |
It could be understood why you
support this |
|
Debie |
: |
How about you, Jass? |
|
Jass |
: |
I refute this For some reasons, I
will tell you after the break |
|
Debie |
: |
See you then |
Key Points
Jawablah pertanyaan-pertanyaan berikut dengan jujur dan bertanggungjawab!
| No. | Pertanyaan | Jawaban | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 01. | Saya mengetahui arti kata-kata pada pada teks di atas |
Ya | Tidak |
| 02. | Saya bisa mengucapkan kata-kata sesuai dengan audio/video yang disajikan |
Ya | Tidak |
| 03. | Saya bisa memperagakan percakapan dengan membaca teks yang tersedia |
Ya | Tidak |
| 04. | Saya bisa memperagakan percakapan dengan sedikit membaca teks |
Ya | Tidak |
| 05. | Saya bisa memperagakan tanpa membaca teks |
Ya | Tidak |
| 06. | Saya bisa memperagakan tanpa membaca teks disertai dengan variasi baru atau pengembangan teks |
Ya | Tidak |
| 07. | Saya bisa membuat karya video terkait dengan percakapan yang diperagakan |
Ya | Tidak |
| 08. | Saya bisa membuat video dan telah disosialisasikan pada sosial media yang saya miliki |
Ya | Tidak |
Bila ada jawaban "Tidak", maka segera lakukan review pembelajaran, terutama pada bagian yang masih "Tidak".
Bila semua jawaban "Ya", maka Anda dapat melanjutkan ke pembelajaran berikutnya.
Buatlah jurnal harian untuk membantumu dalam mempercepat proses pembelajaran dengan menjawab soal evaluasi diri berikut ini.
- Apakah yang kamu telah pelajari pada bagian ini?
- Apa yang menarik pada sesi ini?
- Apa kendala yang kamu alami?
- Apa yang kamu lakukan untuk mengatasi kendala tersebut?
